class Database {
  /**
   * This variable is used to store the database handler.
   * @var string
   */
  protected $dbh                  = null;
  /**
   * This variable is used to store the name of the provider.
   * @var string
   */
  protected $provider             = 'mysql';
  /**
   * This variable is used to store the name of the host.
   * @var string
   */
  protected $host                 = '127.0.0.1';
  /**
   * This variable is used to store the name of the database.
   * @var string
   */
  protected $database             = 'mydatabase';
  /**
   * This variable is used to store the name of the user.
   * @var string
   */
  protected $user                 = 'root';
  /**
   * This variable is used to store the password.
   * @var string
   */
  protected $password            = 'mypassword';
  /**
   * This variable is used to store the character set.
   * @var string
   */
  protected $charset              = 'utf8';
  /**
   * This variable is used to store the collation.
   * @var string
   */
  protected $collation            = 'utf8_unicode_ci';
  /**
   * This variable is used to set or unset the debug print.
   * @var integer
   */
  protected $debugMode            = 0;
  /**
   * This variable is used to store the number of rows affected by the lastest executed query.
   * @var integer
   */
  protected $numRows              = 0;
 
  /**
   * Constructs the class.
   */
  public function __construct() {
    //parent::__construct();
  }
 
  /**
   * Destroys the class.
   */
  public function __destruct() {
    //parent::__destruct();
  }
  
  /**
   * Creates a database connection link (called database handler).
   * The database connection link is created in 'persistent mode'.
   * If the database connection link already exists, it is not re-created.
   * @return PDO The database persistent connection link.
   */
  public function dbConnect() {
    try {
      if ($this->dbh == null) {
        $this->dbh = new PDO($this->provider.':host='.$this->host.
                                           ';dbname='.$this->database,
                                                      $this->user,
                                                      $this->password,                 
                array(PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => true,
                                  PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION));
        $this->dbh->query('SET NAMES \''.$this->charset.'\'');
      }
    }
    catch (PDOException $e) {
      echo 'Error: ',$e->getMessage(),"\n";
      die();
    }
  }
 
  /**
   * Closes the database manager connection link (called database manager handler).
   */
  public function dbManagerClose() {
    $this->dbmh = null;
  }
 
  /**
   * Executes a SQL command on the database and keep only one result.
   * The method 'dbConnect' is called before executing the SQL command.
   * @param string $sqlCommand The SQL command to execute.
   * @param array $sqlCommand (Optional) The parameters to escape.
   */
  public function dbExecute($sqlCommand, $params = null) {
    if ($this->getDebugMode()) {
      $print = $sqlCommand;
      if ($params) {
        foreach ($params as &$param) {
          if (is_numeric($param)) {
            $print = preg_replace('`\?`', $param, $print, 1);
          }
          else {
            $print = preg_replace('`\?`', '\''.$param.'\'', $print, 1);
          }
        }
        unset($param);
      }
      echo 'The following command was executed :',"\n",$print,"\n";
    }
    $result = '';
    try {
      $this->dbConnect();
      $statement = $this->dbh->prepare($sqlCommand);
      if (!$params)
        $statement->execute();
      else
        $statement->execute($params);
      if ($statement->columnCount()) {
          $this->setNumRows($statement->rowCount());
        $result = $statement->fetchAll();
      }
      else {
        $this->setNumRows(0);
            }
      $statement->closeCursor();
    }
    catch (PDOException $e) {
      $print = $sqlCommand;
            if ($params) {
        foreach ($params as &$param) {
          if (is_numeric($param)) {
            $print = preg_replace('`\?`', $param, $print, 1);
          }
          else {
            $print = preg_replace('`\?`', '\''.$param.'\'', $print, 1);
          }
        }
        unset($param);
      }
      echo 'Error: ',$e->getMessage(),"\n";
      echo 'This error occured when the following command was executed :',"\n",$print,"\n";
      die();
    }
    return $result;
  }
 
// ...
 
}

$this->dbh = new PDO($this->provider.':host='.$this->host.
                                          ';dbname='.$this->database,
                                                     $this->user,
                                                     $this->password, 
               array(PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => true,
                                 PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION));

$str = 'rm    ';
preg_match(`rm *`, $str, $matches);
print_r($matches);
/*
Array
(
    [0] => rm    
)
*/

include_once('class/outils_bd.class.php');
 
$bdd = Outils_Bd::getInstance()->getConnexion();
 
 
 
if ($_GET['section'] == 'etablissement')
{
    include_once('controleur/etablissement/index.php');
}

<?php
 
 
 
class Outils_Bd {
  /* pour être sûr qu'il n'y a qu'une et une seule instance */
  private static $instance;
 
  /* le lien de connexion BD (objet PDO) */
  protected $connexion;
 
  /* constructeur privé qui initialise la connexion*/
  private function __construct() {
    /* création d'un objet PDO avec les constantes définies dans la configuration */
    $this->connexion = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=dominiquirecole', 'dominiquirecole', 'azerty123');
    
    /* mettre Exception comme mode d'erreur */
      $this->connexion->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
  }
 
  /* clonage impossible */
  private function __clone() {}
 
  /**
   * Accéder à l'UNIQUE instance de la classe
   */
  static public function getInstance() {
    if (! (self::$instance instanceof self)) {
      self::$instance = new self();
    }
    return self::$instance;
  }
 
  /**
   * Accesseur de la connexion
   */
  public function getConnexion() {
    return $this->connexion;
  }
}
?>

<?php 
if (!isset ($_SESSION)) session_start();
            
            
include_once 'class/etablissement.class.php';
include_once 'class/typeEtablissement.php';
include_once 'class/anneeScolaire.class.php';
 
 
// récupération des types d'établissements
//$liste_type_etablissement = typeEtablissement::listeEtablissement();
$liste_type_etablissement = listeTypeEtablissement();
[/code ]
 
 
4) le select :
 
[code=php]
<?php
 
 
class typeEtablissement {
 
    
    public static function listeEtablissement()
    {
        
        include_once('class/outils_bd.class.php');
        $bdd = Outils_Bd::getInstance()->getConnexion();
        $requete = $bdd->prepare('select id_type_etablissement,libelle_type_etablissement, date_creation, auteur_creation, date_maj, auteur_maj
                                    from type_etablissement 
                                    order by ordre_affichage');
 
        $requete->execute() or die(print_r($requete->errorInfo()));
         
        return $requete->fetchAll();
    }
    
}

a = new Outils_Bd();
b = new Outils_Bd();